Dual linear electrodynamic system and method

ABSTRACT

An exemplary description provided for patent searches includes a linear electrodynamic system involving conversions between electrical power and mechanical motion uses unique magnet assemblies that move and unique stator assemblies and stator members shaped and oriented with respect to the moving magnet assemblies.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION DESCRIPTION OF THE RELATED ART

Linear electrodynamic systems including linear alternators and linear motors are used in conversions between electrical power and mechanical motion. Increases in conversion efficiencies and reductions in material usage and costs involved with production of these systems can be desirable.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE SEVERAL VIEWS OF THE DRAWING(S)

FIG. 1 is an isometric view of a magnet pair.

FIG. 2 is an isometric view of a magnet assembly including a plurality of the magnet pairs of FIG. 1.

FIG. 3 is an isometric view of an exemplary stator member.

FIG. 4 is an isometric view of an exemplary stator assembly.

FIG. 5 is an isometric view of an exemplary linear electrodynamic assembly including the magnet assembly of FIG. 2, the stator member of FIG. 3, and the stator assembly of FIG. 4.

FIG. 6 is an elevational end view of the linear electrodynamic assembly of FIG. 5.

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional end view of the linear electrodynamic assembly of FIG. 5 showing illustrative magnetic flux lines.

FIG. 8 is an isometric view of an exemplary slotted magnet assembly.

FIG. 9 is an isometric cross-sectional view of an exemplary slotted mover having the slotted magnet assembly shown in FIG. 8 and an exemplary support member.

FIG. 10 is an isometric cross-sectional view of an exemplary linear electrodynamic system with the slotted mover of FIG. 9 shown in a first end position.

FIG. 11 is an isometric cross-sectional view of FIG. 10 with the slotted mover shown in a mid-position.

FIG. 12 is an isometric cross-sectional view of FIG. 10 with the slotted mover shown in a second end position.

FIG. 13 is an enlarged fragmentary cross-sectional view of the linear electrodynamic assembly of FIG. 5 showing detail of the stator assembly.

FIG. 14 is an enlarged fragmentary cross-sectional view of a first exemplary alternative linear electrodynamic assembly showing detail of a first exemplary alternative stator assembly.

FIG. 15 is an enlarged fragmentary cross-sectional view of a second exemplary alternative linear electrodynamic assembly showing detail of a second exemplary alternative stator assembly.

FIG. 16 is an enlarged fragmentary cross-sectional view of a third exemplary alternative linear electrodynamic assembly showing detail of a third exemplary alternative stator assembly.

FIG. 17 is an enlarged fragmentary cross-sectional view of a fourth exemplary alternative linear electrodynamic assembly showing detail of a fourth exemplary alternative stator assembly and a first exemplary alternative stator member.

FIG. 18 is an enlarged fragmentary cross-sectional view of a fifth exemplary alternative linear electrodynamic assembly showing detail of a fifth exemplary alternative stator assembly and the first exemplary alternative stator member.

FIG. 19 is an enlarged fragmentary cross-sectional view of a sixth exemplary alternative linear electrodynamic assembly showing detail of a sixth exemplary alternative stator assembly and the first exemplary alternative stator member.

FIG. 20 is an enlarged fragmentary cross-sectional view of a seventh exemplary alternative linear electrodynamic assembly showing detail of a seventh exemplary alternative stator assembly and the first exemplary alternative stator member.

FIG. 21 is a cross-sectional isometric view of a first exemplary alternative linear electrodynamic system including the seventh alternative linear electrodynamic assembly.

FIG. 21A is schematic end view of the first alternative linear electrodynamic system showing assembly detail.

FIG. 22 is an isometric view of second exemplary version of the linear electrodynamic assembly of FIG. 5 having a second exemplary non-recessed version of the magnet assembly of FIG. 2.

FIG. 23 is an end view of the second version of the linear electrodynamic assembly shown in FIG. 22.

FIG. 24 is an isometric view of an eighth exemplary alternative linear electrodynamic assembly having an eighth exemplary alternative stator assembly and a second exemplary alternative stator member.

FIG. 25 is an end plan view of the eighth alternative linear electrodynamic assembly shown in FIG. 24

FIG. 26 is an isometric view of a second exemplary version of the eighth alternative linear electrodynamic assembly shown in FIGS. 24 and 25.

FIG. 27 is an end plan view of the second version of the eighth alternative linear electrodynamic assembly of FIG. 26.

FIG. 28 is an isometric view of a ninth exemplary alternative linear electrodynamic assembly having a ninth exemplary alternative stator assembly and a third exemplary alternative stator member.

FIG. 29 is an end view of the ninth alternative linear electrodynamic assembly shown in FIG. 28.

FIG. 30 is an isometric view of a second exemplary version of the ninth alternative linear electrodynamic assembly shown in FIGS. 28 and 29.

FIG. 31 is an end view of the second exemplary version of the ninth alternative linear electrodynamic assembly of FIG. 30.

FIG. 32 is an end view of a tenth exemplary alternative linear electrodynamic assembly including the fourth alternative stator assembly shown in FIG. 17, the stator assembly shown in FIG. 4, and the magnet assembly shown in FIG. 2, and without a stator member.

FIG. 33 is an isometric view of a fourth exemplary alternative magnet assembly.

FIG. 34 is an isometric view of an eleventh exemplary alternative linear electrodynamic assembly including the fourth alternative magnet assembly of FIG. 33 and a tenth exemplary alternative stator assembly.

FIG. 35 is an elevational side from a first side position of the eleventh alternative linear electrodynamic assembly of FIG. 34 showing positioning of magnets.

FIG. 36 is an elevational side from a second side position of the eleventh alternative linear electrodynamic assembly of FIG. 34 showing positioning of magnets.

FIG. 37 is an end view of the eleventh alternative linear electrodynamic assembly of FIG. 34 showing illustrative magnetic flux lines.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

As will be discussed in greater detail herein, an innovative linear electrodynamic system and method is disclosed to convert linear mechanical motion into an electrical current such as for a linear alternator for heat engines including Stirling cycle engines, or to convert electrical current into linear mechanical motion such as for a linear motor associated with mechanical cooling devices. The linear electrodynamic system uses magnets coupled to a moving shaft and positioned to move between stator components. By virtue of being positioned to move between stator elements, for each magnet of the linear electrodynamic system, magnetic flux lines pass from a stator component on a first side of the magnet to another stator component on a second side of the magnet.

The linear electrodynamic system can use multiple exemplary magnet pairs 100 shown in FIG. 1 having a first magnet 102 with a south pole surface 102 s and a north pole surface 102 n and having a second magnet 104 adjacent to the first magnet 102. The second magnet 104 has a south pole surface 104 s and a north pole surface 104 n on opposite sides of the magnet pair 100 as are on the first magnet 102 so that the magnet pair has an alternating south pole and north pole arrangement on both sides of the magnet pair. The first magnet 102 can be a single magnet or a composite of smaller magnets or laminations of magnetic material and be composed of various conventionally known magnetic materials. The second magnet 104 can also be a single magnet or a composite. Both the first magnet 102 and the second magnet 104 have a width, W.

Shown in FIG. 1, the magnet pair 100 is slightly curved such that the first magnet 102 has its south pole surface 102 s and the second magnet 104 has its north pole surface 104 n on the convex side of the magnet pair. Furthermore, the first magnet 102 has its north pole surface 102 n and the second magnet 104 has its south pole surface 104 s on the concave side of the magnet pair 100. As will be seen with alternative exemplary implementations, the magnet pair 100 can be curved in other ways depending upon the particular implementation of the linear electrodynamic system.

An exemplary magnet assembly 106, shown in FIG. 2, has a holder portion 108 with a first illustrative edge 110, a second illustrative edge 111, an exterior surface 112, and an interior surface 113. The holder portion 108 typically is an integral part of a larger assembly as discussed below. Consequently, the first illustrative edge 110 and the second illustrative edge 111 may not be actual edges since the holder portion 108 may not be necessarily a separately distinct member as utilized. The magnet pairs 100 are positioned in the holder portion 108 such that the north pole surface 104 n of the second magnet 104 is near the first illustrative edge 110 for every other one of the magnet pairs. For the other of the magnet pairs 100, the north pole surface 104 n of the second magnet 104 is near the second illustrative edge 111. The north pole surface 104 n of the second magnet 104 is positioned in the holder portion 108 to substantially coincide with the exterior surface 112 of the holder portion. Similarly, the south pole surface 104 s of the second magnet 104 substantially coincides with the interior surface 113 of the holder portion.

A stator member 114 is shown in FIG. 3 to be substantially cylindrical with an outer surface 116 and an inner surface 118. In this first depicted implementation, the stator member 114 is sized to concentrically receive therewithin in coaxial arrangement the magnet assembly 106 further discussed below. The stator member 114 has a width substantially equal to the width, W, of the first magnet 102 and the second magnet 104.

A stator assembly 120 is shown in FIG. 4 as having a pole support 122 and stator poles 124 extending from the pole support. The stator poles 124 include a mid-portion 126 and an end portion 128. The end portion 128 is shown to be flared with an expanded end surface 130. A representative winding 132 is shown wound around the mid-portion 126 of one of the stator poles 124, which is partially held in place by the flared end portion 128. The end portions 128 of the stator poles 124 each have a width substantially equal to the width, W, of the first magnet 102 and the second magnet 104. As further shown, the windings 132 are wound around the mid-portion 126 of each of the stator poles 124.

A linear electrodynamic assembly 134 is shown in FIGS. 5 and 6 as having the stator assembly 120 concentrically positioned inside of the magnet assembly 106 in coaxial arrangement. In turn, the magnet assembly 106 is concentrically positioned inside of the stator member 114 in coaxial arrangement. In operation, the magnet assembly 106 reciprocates along a path of travel substantially parallel with a Z axis shown in FIG. 5. Consequently, for each of the stator poles 124, one of the first magnets 102 and one of the second magnets 104 consecutively pass by both the end surface 130 of the stator pole and the inner surface 118 of the stator member 114 as the magnet assembly 106 axially reciprocates.

Magnetic flux lines 135 are shown in FIG. 7, each completing a loop through adjacent ones of the stator poles 124. In tracing one of the loops, each of the flux lines 135 emits from the south pole surface 102 s of one of the first magnets 102 (for instance, positioned adjacent the stator pole 124 at the 6:00 position of FIG. 7) into the stator member 114. The flux line 135 then follows along inside of the stator member 114 to enter into the north pole surface 104 n of one of the second magnets 104 (for instance, positioned adjacent the stator pole 124 between 3:00 and 6:00 positions of FIG. 7). The flux line 135 then travels through the second magnet 104 and through the stator pole 124 adjacent the second magnet, on through the pole support 122, on through the stator pole 124 adjacent the first magnet 102 in the loop, and on through the first magnet to complete the loop.

A slotted magnet assembly 136 is shown in FIG. 8 as having a slotted holder portion 137 containing the magnet pairs 100 as described above for the magnet assembly 106. The slotted holder portion 137 has slots 138 that are used to allow for more compact linear electrodynamic system implementations. The slots 138 are sized to allow a full range of motion of the first magnets 102 and the second magnets 104 to align each of them with the stator member 114 and the end surfaces 130 of the stator poles 124 at different points of travel of the magnet assembly 106. The slotted holder portion 137 is shown as part of a slotted mover 139 in FIG. 9 in combination with a coupler portion 140. The coupler portion 140 is used to secure the slotted mover 139 as described further below.

In the implementation depicted above, the stator member 114 is configured for concentric positioning in juxtaposition with the outer surface 112 of the holder portion 108 and the magnet pairs 100, and the stator assembly 120 is configured for concentric positioning in juxtaposition with the inner surface 113 of the holder portion. In other implementations, the stator member 114 is configured for concentric positioning in juxtaposition with the inner surface 113 and the stator assembly 120 is configured for concentric positioning in juxtaposition with the outer surface 112.

For exemplary linear electrodynamic systems using the slotted mover 139, a support member 142, shown in FIG. 9, has an outer stator support portion 144 that can be used to support one of the stator member 114 or the stator assembly 120 configured to be concentrically juxtapositioned with the outer surface 112 of the slotted holder portion 137. The support member 142 has an inner stator support portion 146 that can be used to support one of the stator member 114 or the stator assembly 120 configured to be concentrically juxtapositioned with the inner surface 113 of the slotted holder portion 137. The support member 142 has coupler portions 148 to attach the inner stator support portion 146 to the outer stator support portion 144 with slots 149 that receive the slotted mover 139. The slotted mover 139 is aligned with the support member 142 so that the slots 138 of the slotted mover receive the coupler portions 148 of the slotted mover therein during reciprocal motion of the slotted mover.

An exemplary implementation of a linear electrodynamic system 150 is shown in FIGS. 10-12 having the coupler portion 140 of the slotted mover 139 coupled to a shaft 152. FIGS. 10, 11, and 12 show the slotted mover in three positions of its reciprocal movement: a first end position (FIG. 10), a mid-position (FIG. 11), and a second end position (FIG. 12). The shaft 152 is further coupled to an inner flexure bearing 154 and an outer flexure bearing 156 to allow the shaft and the slotted mover 139 to reciprocate along the Z axis shown. The shaft 152 is further coupled to a mechanical system (not shown) to either extract work from the linear electrodynamic system 150 if the linear electrodynamic system is used as a motor or to supply work to the linear electrodynamic system when the linear electrodynamic system is used as an alternator.

The inner flexure bearing 154 is affixed to a cylindrical support member 158, which in turn is affixed to the end portions 128 of the stator poles 124 of the stator assembly 120 configured in this implementation to be concentrically juxtapositioned with the inner surface 113 of the slotted holder portion 137 of the slotted mover 139. The end portions 128 of the stator poles 124 are also shown affixed to the inner stator support portion 146 of the support member 142. The stator member 114 is configured in this implementation for concentric juxtapositioning with the outer surface 112 of the slotted holder portion 137 of the slotted mover 139. The stator member 114 can be affixed to the outer stator support portion 144. The linear electrodynamic system 150 further has a housing 160 that contains its components and can provide structural support. For instance, the housing 160 can be affixed to the support member 142 to be coupled to both the stator member 114 and the stator assembly 120. Furthermore, the housing 160 can serve as a pressure vessel and extend to house a thermodynamic component such as a Stirling cycle engine or cooler coupled with the linear electrodynamic system 150 through the shaft 152. Power lines 162 are shown being routed through the housing 160 to the windings 132 on the stator poles 124.

A fragmentary cross-sectional view of the linear electrodynamic assembly 134 is depicted in FIG. 13 to show detail regarding shape of the stator pole 124 and how it is joined to the pole support 122. In this case the mid-portion 126 of the stator pole 124 is relatively narrow and is integral with the end portion 128, which is flared. The stator pole 124 also is shown as being integral with the pole support 122.

A fragmentary cross-sectional view of a first exemplary alternative of the linear electrodynamic assembly 134 having a first exemplary alternative of the stator assembly 120 is depicted in FIG. 14 to show detail regarding shape of a first exemplary alternative of the stator pole 124 and how it is joined to the pole support 122. In this case the mid-portion 126 of the stator pole 124 is relatively wide and has a central opening such that the end portion 128 is not flared. The stator pole 124 of this first alternative is shown as being integral with the pole support 122.

A fragmentary cross-sectional view of a second exemplary alternative of the linear electrodynamic assembly 134 having a second exemplary alternative of the stator assembly 120 is depicted in FIG. 15 to show detail regarding shape of a second exemplary alternative of the stator pole 124 and how it is joined to the pole support 122. In this case the mid-portion 126 of the stator pole 124 is relatively narrow and is shown as a separate piece from the flared end portion 128. As assembled, the mid-portion 126 and the end portion 128 can either be glued, press fit, or coupled together in other ways. The stator pole 124 of this second alternative is shown as being integral with the pole support 122.

A fragmentary cross-sectional view of a third exemplary alternative of the linear electrodynamic assembly 134 having a third exemplary alternative of the stator assembly 120 is depicted in FIG. 16 to show detail regarding shape of a third exemplary alternative of the stator pole 124 and how it is joined to the pole support 122. In this case the mid-portion 126 of the stator pole 124 is relatively narrow and is shown as a separate piece from, and is inserted into, the flared end portion 128. In assembly the mid-portion 126 and the end portion 128 can either be glued, press fit, or coupled together in other ways. The stator pole 124 of this third alternative is shown as being integral with the pole support 122.

A fragmentary cross-sectional view of a fourth exemplary alternative of the linear electrodynamic assembly 134 having a fourth exemplary alternative of the stator assembly 120 and a first exemplary alternative of the stator member 114 is depicted in FIG. 17 including detail regarding shape of a fourth exemplary alternative of the stator pole 124 and how it is joined to the pole support 122. In this case the mid-portion 126 of the stator pole 124 is relatively narrow and is integral with the flared end portion 128 and the pole support 122. The stator assembly 120 is configured to position the end surfaces 130 of the stator poles 124 to be external to the housing 160. The housing 160 is juxtapositioned between the stator assembly 120 and the outer surface 112 of the holder portion 108 of the magnet assembly 106. In this implementation, since the stator poles 124 are external to the housing 160, assembly and maintenance issues may be lessened. The stator member 114 is positioned to be adjacent the inner surface 113 of the holder portion 108 of the magnet assembly 106.

A fragmentary cross-sectional view of a fifth exemplary alternative of the linear electrodynamic assembly 134 having a fifth exemplary alternative of the stator assembly 120 and the first exemplary alternative of the stator member 114 is depicted in FIG. 18 including detail regarding shape of a fifth exemplary alternative of the stator pole 124 and how it is joined to the pole support 122. In this case the mid-portion 126 of the stator pole 124 is relatively wide with a central opening and is integral with the non-flared end portion 128 and the pole support 122. The stator assembly 120 is configured to position the end surfaces 130 of the stator poles 124 adjacent the housing 160 and facing the outer surface 112 of the holder portion 108 of the magnet assembly 106. The stator member 114 is positioned to be adjacent the inner surface 113 of the holder portion 108 of the magnet assembly 106.

A fragmentary cross-sectional view of a sixth exemplary alternative of the linear electrodynamic assembly 134 having a sixth exemplary alternative of the stator assembly 120 and the first exemplary alternative of the stator member 114 is depicted in FIG. 19 including detail regarding shape of a sixth exemplary alternative of the stator pole 124 and how it is joined to the pole support 122. In this case the mid-portion 126 of the stator pole 124 is relatively narrow and is integral with the flared end portion 128, but is shown as a separate piece from the pole support 122. As assembled, the mid-portion 126 could be glued, press fit, or otherwise coupled together with the pole support 122. The stator assembly 120 is configured to position the end surfaces 130 of the stator poles 124 adjacent the housing 160 and facing the outer surface 112 of the holder portion 108 of the magnet assembly 106. The stator member 114 is positioned to be adjacent the inner surface 113 of the holder portion 108 of the magnet assembly 106.

A fragmentary cross-sectional view of a seventh exemplary alternative of the linear electrodynamic assembly 134 having a seventh exemplary alternative of the stator assembly 120 and the first exemplary alternative of the stator member 114 is depicted in FIG. 20 including detail regarding shape of a seventh exemplary alternative of the stator pole 124 and how it is joined to the pole support 122. In this case the mid-portion 126 of the stator pole 124 is relatively narrow and is integral with the flared end portion 128, but is shown as a separate piece from the pole support 122. As assembled, the mid-portion 126 uses a key and keyway with the pole support 122 as shown in FIG. 20. The stator assembly 120 is configured to position the end surfaces 130 of the stator poles 124 adjacent the housing 160 and facing the outer surface 112 of the holder portion 108 of the magnet assembly 106. The stator member 114 is positioned to be adjacent the inner surface 113 of the holder portion 108 of the magnet assembly 106.

An isometric view of an exemplary alternative implementation of the linear electrodynamic system 150 using the seventh exemplary alternative of the electrodynamic assembly 134 is shown in FIG. 21. Since this implementation uses the magnet assembly 106, which is not slotted, the housing 160 is used to tie the outer stator support portion 144 to the inner stator support portion 146. The stator member 116 is shown in FIG. 21A in two sections, which are press fit together during assembly.

A second exemplary version of the linear electrodynamic assembly 134 is shown in FIGS. 22 and 23 as having a second exemplary version of the magnet assembly 106 in which the first magnet 102 and the second magnet 104 are affixed to the outer surface 112 of the holder portion 108. The stator member 114 is so sized to accommodate for additional dimensional thickness of the magnet assembly 106 caused by this positioning of the first magnet 102 and the second magnet 104. In other implementations the magnet pairs 100 can be affixed to the inner surface 113 of the holder portion 108.

An eighth exemplary alternative of the linear electrodynamic assembly 134 is shown in FIGS. 24 and 25 with an eighth exemplary alternative of the stator assembly 120 and a second exemplary alternative of the stator member 114. In this implementation the end surfaces 130 of the stator poles 124 are concave. Portions of the inner surface 118 of the stator member 114 are convex that are adjacent the first magnets 102 and the second magnets 104. To accommodate this shaping of the stator poles 124 and the stator member 114, the first magnets 102, the second magnets 104, and portions of the holder portion 108 have convex surfaces adjacent the stator poles and concave surfaces adjacent the stator member. The size of the radii of curvature of these surfaces are varied for different implementations.

A second exemplary version of the eighth linear electrodynamic assembly 134 is shown in FIGS. 26 and 27 in which the first magnets 102 and the second magnets 104 are affixed to the outer surface 112 of the holder portion 108.

A ninth exemplary alternative of the linear electrodynamic assembly 134 is shown in FIGS. 28 and 29 with a ninth exemplary alternative of the stator assembly 120 and a third exemplary alternative of the stator member 114. Here the end surfaces 130 of the stator poles 124 are convex. Portions of the inner surface 118 of the stator member 114 are concave that are adjacent the first magnets 102 and the second magnets 104. To accommodate this shaping of the stator poles 124 and the stator member 114, the first magnets 102, the second magnets 104, and portions of the holder portion 108 have concave surfaces adjacent the stator poles and convex surfaces adjacent the stator member. The concave surfaces have radii of curvature that are smaller than those of the holder portion 108 and the magnet pairs 100 in the first implementation shown in FIG. 2.

A second exemplary version of the ninth alternative linear electrodynamic assembly 134 is shown in FIGS. 30 and 31 in which the first magnets 102 and the second magnets 104 are affixed to the outer surface 112 of the holder portion 108.

A tenth exemplary alternative of the linear electrodynamic assembly 134 is shown in FIG. 32 as using the magnet assembly 106 shown in FIG. 2 and the stator assembly 120 shown in FIG. 4. Furthermore, the fourth alternative stator assembly of FIG. 17 is used instead of using the stator member 114. Other implementations may use other alternatives of the stator assembly 120 and the magnet assembly 106.

A fourth exemplary alternative of the magnet assembly 106 is shown in FIG. 33 as having the magnet pairs 100 affixed directly to the shaft 152. The magnet pairs 100 are arranged on the shaft 152 in an X pattern since there are four of the magnet pairs 100 used with each adjacent two of the magnet pairs forming a V pattern. In other implementations other numbers of the magnet pairs 100 are used for other patterns.

An eleventh exemplary alternative of the linear electrodynamic assembly 134 is shown in FIG. 34 has having the fourth alternative magnet assembly 106 with a tenth exemplary alternative of the stator assembly 120 with the stator poles 124 each having two of the end surfaces 130 opposingly angled in a shape to be positioned within the V pattern of two of the magnet pairs 100. In this eleventh alternative of the linear electrodynamic assembly 134, each side of the first magnets 102 and the second magnets 104 are near one of the end surfaces 130 of the stator poles 124. Consequently, the stator member 114 is not used. FIGS. 35 and 36 further show how the first magnets 102 and the second magnets 104 are arranged on the shaft 152. Flux lines are shown in FIG. 37 to loop through a first of the magnet pairs 100, through a first one of the stator poles 124, through a portion of the pole support 122 to a second one of the stator poles adjacent the first stator pole, through the second one of the stator poles back to the first of the magnet pair.

From the foregoing it will be appreciated that, although specific embodiments of the invention have been described herein for purposes of illustration, various modifications may be made without deviating from the spirit and scope of the invention. For instance, particular four and eight pole exemplary implementations were depicted herein, however, other even numbers of poles could also be used in other implementations. Accordingly, the invention is not limited except as by the appended claims. 

1. A linear electrodynamic system comprising: a member configured to reciprocate along a path of travel, the path of travel including a first position of travel and a second position of travel; a stator system having a plurality of first stator surface portions and a plurality of second stator surface portions, each of the first stator surface portions positioned across from a different one of the second stator surface portions to define a plurality of gap portions; and a magnet assembly containing a plurality of magnets, the magnet assembly fixedly coupled to the member, the magnet assembly having a first plurality of magnets each positioned in the magnet assembly to be in a different one of the gap portions and each being closer than the other magnets of the first plurality to both the first stator surface portion and the second stator surface portion of the gap portion when the member is at the first position of travel, the magnet assembly having a second plurality of magnets each positioned in the magnet assembly to be in a different one of the gap portions and each being closer than the other magnets of the second plurality to both the first stator surface portion and the second stator surface portion of the gap portion when the member is at the second position of travel.
 2. The system of claim 1 wherein each of the magnets of the first plurality shares a different one of the plurality of the gap portions with a different one of the magnets of the second plurality, the first stator surface portion of the gap portion being nearest a first surface of the first magnet at the first position of travel, the first surface having a first polarity, and the first stator surface being nearest a second surface of the second magnet at the second position of travel, the second surface having a second polarity, the first polarity being opposite in polarity to the second polarity.
 3. A system comprising: a first stator portion and a second stator portion, the first stator portion fixedly coupled to and positioned across from the second stator portion to form a gap therebetween; a member configured to reciprocate along a path oriented with respect to the gap, the path including a first point of travel; and a magnetic material having a first surface and a second surface, the magnetic material being arranged to produce a plurality of flux lines proceeding out of the first surface and returning into the second surface, the magnetic material coupled to the member and being positioned in the gap with the plurality of flux lines proceeding into the first stator portion from the first surface of the magnetic material and proceeding out of the second stator portion into the second surface of the magnetic material when the member is at the first point of travel.
 4. A linear electrodynamic system comprising: a member configured to reciprocate having a path of travel including a first position of travel and a second position of travel; a holder portion having an inner surface portion and an outer surface portion, the holder portion coupled to the member for movement therewith; a magnetic material coupled to the holder portion; and a first stator portion and a second stator portion, the first stator portion coupled to the second stator portion and spaced therefrom, the inner surface portion of the holder portion being in juxtaposition with the first stator portion and the outer surface portion of the holder portion being in juxtaposition with the second stator portion when the member is at the first position of travel, the magnetic material positioned between the first stator portion and the second stator portion when the member is at the second position of travel.
 5. The system of claim 4 wherein the magnetic material includes a first side nearest the first stator portion when the member is at the first position of ravel, the first side being concave.
 6. The system of claim 5 wherein the inner surface of the holder portion has a first radius of curvature and a portion of the first side of the magnetic material has a second radius of curvature smaller than the first radius of curvature.
 7. The system of claim 4 wherein the inner surface of the holder portion has a first radius of curvature and the magnetic material includes a first side nearest the first stator portion when the member is at the first position of travel, the first side being convex.
 8. The system of claim 4 wherein the magnetic material is recessed within a wall of the holder portion.
 9. The system of claim 4 wherein the magnetic material is affixed o the outer surface of the holder portion.
 10. The system of claim 4 wherein the magnetic material is affixed to the inner surface of the holder portion.
 11. The system of claim 4 wherein the holder portion is shaped as a portion of a cylinder.
 12. A linear electrodynamic system comprising: a member configured to reciprocate having a path of travel including a first position of travel and a second position of travel; a holder portion having an inner surface portion and an outer surface portion, the holder portion fixedly coupled to the member; a magnetic material coupled to the holder portion; and a first stator portion and a second stator portion, the first stator portion coupled to the second stator portion and spaced therefrom, the inner surface portion of the holder portion being in juxtaposition with the first stator portion and the outer surface portion of the holder portion being in juxtaposition with the second stator portion when the member is at the first position of travel, the magnetic material being positioned between the first stator portion and the second stator portion when the member is at the second position of travel.
 13. A linear electrodynamic system comprising: a housing; a member flexibly coupled with the housing; a holder portion having an inner surface portion and an outer surface portion, the holder portion fixedly coupled to the member; a plurality of instances of magnetic material, the instances of magnetic material affixed to the holder portion; a stator assembly having stator poles wrapped with windings, the stator poles having stator ends and positioned in the stator assembly to extend outward toward the inner surface portion of the holder portion, the stator ends being in juxtaposition with the inner surface portion of the holder portion; and a stator member concentrically juxtapositioned with the outer surface of the holder portion, the stator poles being fixedly coupled with and spaced from the stator member by separation spaces, the member flexibly coupled with the housing to an extent sufficient to provide travel of the holder portion with the instances of magnetic material into the separation spaces.
 14. The system of claim 13 wherein the stator ends are shaped with an outward flare.
 15. A linear electrodynamic system comprising: a housing; a member flexibly coupled with the housing; a holder portion having an inner surface portion and an outer surface portion, the holder portion fixedly coupled to the member; a plurality of instances of magnetic material, the instances of magnetic material affixed to the holder portion; a stator assembly having stator poles wrapped with windings, the stator poles having stator ends and positioned in the stator assembly to extend inward toward the outer surface portion of the holder portion, the stator ends being in juxtaposition with the outer surface portion of the holder portion; and a stator member concentrically juxtapositioned with the inner surface of the holder portion, the stator poles being fixedly coupled with and spaced from the stator member by separation spaces, the member flexibly coupled with the housing to an extent sufficient to provide travel of the holder portion with the instances of magnetic material into the separation spaces.
 16. The system of claim 15 comprising a plurality of flexure bearings and wherein the member is flexibly coupled with the housing by being fixedly coupled to the flexure bearings.
 17. A linear electrodynamic system comprising: a shaft configured to reciprocate along a longitudinal direction; a plurality of magnets coupled to and extending from the shaft; and a stator assembly having stator poles wrapped with windings, the stator poles having stator ends and positioned in the stator assembly to extend inward toward the shaft, each of the stator ends having a surface spaced apart from and positioned across from a surface of another of the stator ends to form a gap, each magnet positioned on the shaft to pass through one of the gaps, the magnet being in juxtaposition with the surfaces of the two stator poles forming the gap during a portion of the shaft reciprocation.
 18. A linear electrodynamic system comprising: a shaft configured to reciprocate along a longitudinal direction; a plurality of magnets coupled to and extending from the shaft in a direction substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal end at an angle with respect to another of the magnets; and a stator assembly having stator poles wrapped with windings, the stator poles having stator ends, each stator pole positioned in the stator assembly to extend inward toward the shaft, each of the stator ends shaped to fit into a different one of the angles between a different pair of the magnets extending from the shaft.
 19. A linear electrodynamic system comprising: a housing; a holder portion having an inner surface portion and an outer surface portion, the holder portion positioned inside of the housing; a plurality of instances of magnetic material, the instances of magnetic material affixed to the holder portion; a stator assembly positioned outside of the housing, the stator assembly having stator poles wrapped with windings, the stator poles having stator ends and positioned in the stator assembly to extend inward toward the housing; and a stator member positioned inside of the housing and fixedly coupled with and spaced from the housing by separation spaces to allow for travel of the holder portion into the separation spaces.
 20. A linear electrodynamic system comprising: a housing; a member flexibly coupled with the housing; a holder portion having an inner surface portion and an outer surface portion, the holder portion fixedly coupled to the member; a plurality of instances of magnetic material, the instances of magnetic material affixed to the holder portion; a first stator assembly having first stator poles wrapped with windings, the first stator poles having stator ends and positioned in the stator assembly to extend inward toward the outer surface portion of the holder portion; a second stator assembly having second stator poles wrapped with windings, the second stator poles having stator ends and positioned in the second stator assembly to extend outward toward the inner surface portion of the holder portion, the first stator poles being fixedly coupled with and spaced from the second stator poles to allow for travel of the holder portion between the first stator poles and the second stator poles.
 21. The system of claim 20 wherein portions of the housing are positioned between the first stator poles and the second stator poles. 